Hydrometallurgy is an important method of metal extraction and processing. It uses chemical reactions, including oxidation, reduction, neutralization, hydrolysis and complexation, to extract and separate metals from raw materials in the liquid phase. As a key link in the hydrometallurgical process, the design and selection of electrolysis equipment are crucial to the efficiency of the entire process and product quality.

Hydrometallurgical electrolytic equipment mainly includes electrolytic cells, circuit connection systems, plate preparation equipment and supporting purification equipment. The electrolytic cell is the core equipment of the electrolysis process. It is usually made of reinforced concrete and lined with anti-corrosion materials to prevent corrosion of the electrolyte. These anti-corrosion materials include raw lacquer linen, acid-resistant porcelain plates, soft polyvinyl chloride plastic plates, epoxy resins, etc. Among them, soft polyvinyl chloride plastic plates and epoxy resins are widely used due to their good anti-corrosion properties and cost-effectiveness.

The circuit connection system usually adopts the compound connection method, that is, all anodes in the cell are connected in parallel, all cathodes are also connected in parallel, and the cells are connected in series. This connection method can ensure the uniform distribution of current in the electrolytic cell and improve the electrolysis efficiency.

Plate preparation equipment includes anode preparation equipment and cathode preparation equipment. Anode preparation equipment usually includes a smelting reverberatory furnace and a linear casting machine, which are used to melt and cast raw materials into anode plates. Cathode preparation equipment includes seed plate electrolytic cell and roller embossing machine, shearing machine, nail earphone, etc., which are used to produce the starting electrode sheet as the cathode of the production cell.

Supporting purification equipment is used to treat impurities and waste liquid generated during the electrolysis process. These equipment include purification tanks, tubular filters, plate and frame filter presses, chamber filter presses, centrifuges and thickeners. Purification tanks are mainly used to remove impurities such as iron, nickel, and cobalt and to make nickel carbonate, while filters and filter presses are used for liquid-solid separation to ensure the purity of the electrolyte.

In the process of hydrometallurgical electrolysis, the design of the electrolytic cell, material selection, and optimization of circuit connection methods can significantly improve the electrolysis efficiency and product quality. At the same time, the reasonable selection and configuration of plate preparation equipment and supporting purification equipment are also the key to ensure the smooth progress of the entire electrolysis process.

With the continuous development of science and technology, hydrometallurgical electrolysis equipment is also constantly updated. The application of new anti-corrosion materials, high-efficiency electrolysis technology, intelligent control systems, etc. will further promote the progress and development of hydrometallurgical electrolysis technology. In the future, hydrometallurgical electrolysis equipment will play a more important role in the field of metal extraction and processing, and provide strong support for my country's metal material research and industrial development.